Descaling

Elimination of the primary scale which has on its surface the as-cast product heated before being rolled. This process is carried out with jets of water at high pressure and is of vital importance so that the hard and brittle scalel of the surface of the semiproduct does not adhere to the surface of the…

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Ductility

It is the plasticity of the material against tensile stresses; that is, it is the ability of the material to deform before the rupture occurs when subjected to this type of stresses. In materials and especially in steel ductility is characterized by determination of the elongation (A%) and the stiffness (Z%).

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Eddy current

They are induced currents that are created by a process called electromagnetic induction. When an AC is applied to a conductor, a magnetic field is created around the conductor. If another conductor is nearby this alternating magnetic field, currents will be induced in the second conductor. Induced currents are electrical currents in a circular sense,…

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Electric furnace

Furnace in which the heating is carried out by electric energy. In the manufacture of steel electric furnaces are those that provide higher temperature and control of the atmosphere in contact with the molten hot metal. The disadvantage is the high consumption of electricity. There are three types of electric furnaces: resistance, induction and electric-arc,…

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Elongation

Increase in the length of the material after breaking after being subjected to a tensile stress. The elongation value is expressed by the percentage increase in length of a specimen from its initial length. This parameter indicates the ductility of a material.

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Embossing

It is a process that forms a sheet of metal by compression. It is used to obtain hollow parts from flat plates. It is a process that is usually performed in cold for which high plasticity steel is required

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ESR

The “Electro Slag Remelting (ESR)” is a remelting and refining process of steel. It is used in tools for use in power generation stations and aeronautics industry.

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