This is the mechanical action of friction and wear that causes the erosion of the material. It occurs when a hard and rough surface slides over a less hard surface or when hard particles are inserted between two surfaces that slide. Wear by abrasion may be caused by material chip removal, microcracks, grinding or by…
DetailsAlloyed steels are stainless steels, or those that not being considered to be stainless, have a content of at least one of their elements, above an established mass limit. The standard EN 10020 establishes the minimum content of each chemical element so that the steel is considered as alloyed. Alloyed steels have special physical and…
DetailsChemical element that shows great avidity with the oxygen and is used in the deoxidation of the steel. In steel, aluminum refines grain size as alumina particles are formed which act as crystallization centers. It is an element used in steels for nitriding by the presence of aluminum nitrides in the steel.
DetailsIt consists of a hearth equipped with graphite electrodes. The arc jumps between the electrodes and the metal to melt. The high temperature in the arc (above 6000 ° C) provides a powerful melting capacity. This type of furnaces are the most used for the production of steel, especially the three-phase, where three vertical columns…
DetailsState of the material when it is obtained from an as-cast by hot rolling, without particular conditions of rolling or heat treatment. Through the hot rolling process, it is possible to configure the shape of the final piece, improve the mechanical characteristics of the steel and correct the physical and chemical heterogeneities characteristic of the…
DetailsProcess in which the temperature of the steel is enough so that its crystalline structure (atomic position) corresponds to that of the austenite. In some elements like the Iron, the atoms can change of position when varying the temperature. With each atomic position, the material has different properties. The austenization of the steel is carried…
DetailsConstituent of the steel being the solid solution of octahedral insertion of the carbon in gamma iron (with cubic crystalline structure of centered faces). Austenite is formed between 730 ° C and 1490 ° C (it may be at a lower temperature if the steel has gamma elements) and the maximum carbon content in solution…
Details