CCT Curve

The CCT curve indicates the minimum cooling rate to be used to obtain a fully martensitic structure (critical cooling rate). It collects the beginnings and ends of the transformation of the austenite depending on the temperature (ordinate) and the time (abscissa, logarithmic scale).

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Chamfering

Process of cutting or sucking an edge at bar ends, so that the material has a chamfer. This finish at bar ends is required for customers with high speed and precision automatic machines; the chamfering allows a correct feeding and absence of stoppages or blows due to deformation or protusions at bar end.

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Chemical composition of steel

The chemical composition of steel is what defines the properties of steel. It is the main characteristic by which the different grades of steel differ. The chemical composition of steel is based on iron and carbon, but steel can be alloyed with metallic or non-metallic elements to modify its chemical composition; based on the different…

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Chips

They are fragments of material that are released after a machining process. Industrially the machinability of the material can be measured according to the type of chip obtained (straight, tubular, helical, etc.) and its morphology (long, short, tangled, flat, etc.). The steel chip can be recycled for the steel melting process itself, being used as…

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Chisel

It is a manual cutting or marking tool that is formed by a bar of quenched steel. It is used to mark, cut, groove or abrade a material by hammering it or by striking it by hand.

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Chromium

Chemical element that increases the hardenability in the steel (as long as the austenization is carried out at sufficient temperature and permanence for the proper dissolution of the carbides). The generation of chromium carbides increases the hardness, tensile strength, yield strength and toughness of steel. Chromium is used as an alloying element in tool steels,…

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Chromium steels

Chromium provides steels with greater resistance to corrosion, oxidation, high temperatures and abrasion. Nickel-added steels offer greater toughness for a specific carbon level.

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Cobalt

It is a chemical element that hardens steel, decreases hardenability, improves strength and increases hot hardness. It also increases the magnetic properties of steel. It is used in high speed steels for tools and refractory steels.

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