Reduction in area of the section after breaking with respect to the initial area after being subjected to a tensile stress. The reduction of area is responsible for the decrease in the stress-strain curve. Fragile materials do not undergo reduction of area or significant plastic deformations, abruptly breaking the fracture specimen.
DetailsChemical element that in rolled steels strengthens the ferrite and increases toughness. It also increases tensile strength and yield strength. It avoids the growth of grain in the thermal treatments, reason why it maintains the toughness of the steel to high temperatures. Superalloys or nickel based alloys are used in engines and components that work…
DetailsChemical element that in a very low quantity increases the hardness and strength of steel. However it produces embrittlement so it is an element to avoid. It is used to perform the surface treatment of nitriding and carbonitriding, where it is combined with iron to form nitrides and carbonitrides that provide great surface hardness to…
DetailsThey are impurities that occur in steel that are usually composed of different types of oxides. The most common inclusions in the steel are silicates, aluminas, globular oxides and sulphides. Inclusions may be caused by the reaction between the different elements from the mineral or the scrap and the added ones in the process of…
DetailsHeat treatment exclusive in the steel consisting of the heating of steels until their complete austenization (temperature of 40-50ºC superior to the critical one) for later cooling to the calm air. The purpose of normalising is to eliminate stresses originated from previous hot deformations or treatments and to refine the grain size.
DetailsChemical reaction in which an atom loses an electron. The consequence is that that atom forms a new structure, causing oxidation. In order to have a reduction-oxidation reaction there must be one element that loses electrons and another that accepts them. These two reactions always occur together. The oxidizing agent is the chemical element that…
DetailsAuxiliary welding technique that is used for the preparation of the edges of pieces to be welded when they are of considerable thickness. It is used to cut steel plates, low alloy carbon steel bars or other ferrous elements.
DetailsProcess for reducing the outside diameter of a cylindrical bar by chip removal by means of a multi-tool head. The purpose of peeling or debarking is the removal of surface defects and surface decarburization that a hot rolled or forged product may have. Also a greater dimensional accuracy is achieved as it is a cold…
Details